1-propanol to 2-bromopropane organic conversion
1-propanol (propanol) is an alcohol compound and 2-bromopropane is an alkyl halide compound. Both compounds have three carbon atoms. We have to convert propanol to 2-bromopropane. In 2-bromopropane (the IUPAC name), bromine atom is attched to the second carbon atom.
Convert propanol to 2-bromopropane?
The alcohol group is attached to the end of carbon chain of propanol. Also we can write propanolas 1-propanol.
In 2-bromopropane, bromine atom is attached to the second carbon atom in the carbon chain.
Steps of converting 1-propanol to 2-bromopropane
Your target should be to prepare an alkyl halide compound. We have learnt alkyl halide preparation methods in organic chemistry lessons in grade 12. Alkene + HBr is a one method of preparing alkyl halide.
Alkene can be prepared by the reaction of an alcohol compound and dehydrators.
These each steps are explained in detail below.
1-propanol and dehydrators reaction
1-propanol (propanol) reacts with a dehydrator to give propene. Propene is an alkene compound. One of the following dehydrators can be used to remove a H2O molecule from a alcohol. When ethene is given, Alcohol group (-OH) of propanol is removed by taking a hydrogen atom which is bonded with next to the -OH bonded carbon atom.
- concentrated H2SO4 acid with heating
- Alumina (Al2O3) with heating
- P2O5 + heating
Propene and HBr reaction
HBr reacts with propene accoding to the markovnikov rule to give products. In addition of HBr molecule to propene, hydrogen atom is added to the carbon atom which has more hydrogen atoms. Bromine atom is added to the other carbon atom to give 2-bromopropane.
Questions
markovnikov's rule on converting 2-bromopropane from propan-1-ol
Markovnikov's rule says, when hydrogen atoms are added, they added to the carbon atom which has more hydrogen atoms than other carbon atom in alkene or alkyne.
Markovnikov's rule is applied when 2-bromopropane is prepared from propene. Hydrogen atom in HBr is added to the carbon atom which has less hydrogen atoms.
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