Lead nitrate and Hydrochloric acid Reaction | Pb(NO3)2 + HCl

When aqueous Lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) and aqueous Hydrochloric acid (HCl) are reacted, Lead chloride (PbCl2) precipitate and nitric acid (HNO3) are given as products. Lead chloride is a white precipitate and nitric acid exists as an aqueous solution.

However, according to the concentration or added amount of hydrochloric acid, there is a possibility to give a coordination complex ion, [PbCl4]2-.a





In this tutorial, we will discuss followings.

Dilute hydrochloric acid and lead nitrate aqueous solution With concentrated hydrochloric acid or excess hydrochloric acid Change of oxidation numbers Physical and chemical observation of Pb(NO3)2 and HCl reaction Health, safety and environmental impacts due to combustion of ethanol


Dilute hydrochloric acid and lead nitrate aqueous solution

As explained earlier, lead chloride and nitric acid are given as products.


Stoichiometric balanced reaction of Pb(NO3)2 and HCl

Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2HCl(aq) → PbCl2(aq) + 2HNO3(aq)

One lead nitrate mol reacts with two hydrochloric acid moles and gives one mol of lead chloride and two moles of nitric acid.

lead nitrate hydrochloride acid Pb(NO3)2 HCl reaction



With concentrated hydrochloric acid or excess hydrochloric acid

If concentrated hydrochloric acid or excess hydrochloric acid is added to aqueous lead nitrate solution or lead chloride precipitate, tetrachloroplumbate(II) complex ion solution is given. Tetrachloroplumbate(II) is a colourless aqueous solution and balanced equation is mentioned below.

PbCl2(s) + 2HCl(aq) → [PbCl4]2-(aq)

Change of oxidation numbers

This reaction is not a redox reaction because oxidation numbers of atoms are not changed during the reaction process.



Physical and chemical observation of Pb(NO3)2 and HCl reaction

Here, we will see some physical observations and chemical properties changes during the reaction. These observations are important to identify compounds from other compounds in the qualitative analysis.


Colour changes

  • Both lead nitrate and hydrochloric acid are colourless solutions.
  • You will see a white precipitate is formed because lead chloride is produced. But, other product nitric acid is a colourless aqueous solution.


pH change of solution

If hydrochloric acid is added to lead nitrate solution, because nitric acid is given as a product, pH value of solution is increased.



Safety and health hazards possible due to this reaction

  • Because lead is a heavy metal, you should be extremely careful in handling lead containing solutions.
  • Also, hydrochloric acid is a dangerous and corrosive chemical, handle it carefully.
  • Because nitric acid is formed as a product, again be careful when you dispose of the final solution.


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